Spine Conditions
Having transformed the lives of over 3,000 patients through successful surgeries, Dr. S. Arumugam stands as a testament to excellence in his field. He is backed by a proficient team of anesthesiologists and nurses, ensuring top-tier care for those with spine conditions.
Degenerative Disc Disease
What is Degenerative Disc Disease?
Spinal discs act as our body’s shock absorbers, ensuring spine flexibility. As we age, these discs experience wear and tear, leading to Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD).
Though termed a ‘disease’, DDD is a natural age-related condition. Most DDD symptoms are manageable without resorting to surgery.
What causes Degenerative Disc Disease?
Spinal discs have a hard outer core and a soft inner shell. With time, these discs change and cause trouble. Here are some factors that cause Degenerative Disc Disease.
Dry out: When we’re kids, the discs between the spine contain a lot of water and are able to absorb a lot of shocks.
However, as we grow up, the discs lose the capacity to retain water and can’t absorb shocks anymore. This can lead to Degenerative Disc Disease.
Cracks: The stress of everyday movement may cause cracks in the disc’s outer wall. This might cause the disc to slip out of place. This is called a herniated disc.
What are the symptoms of Degenerative Disc Disease?
Symptoms of Degenerative Disc Disease include pain in the back and neck. The exact location of the pain will depend on where the weak disc is located.
Other common symptoms include severe pain in the thighs and buttocks that worsens when you sit or change positions.
How is Degenerative Disc Disease diagnosed?
Your doctor will prescribe you medications like Aspirin and Ibuprofen to help with the pain and inflammation. You’ll also be asked to work with a physiotherapist if the pain is too severe.
And if nothing works, surgery is always an option.
Who is affected by Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips?
Unlike Osteoarthritis of the hips that affects a majority of the elderly population, Rheumatoid Arthritis can affect any age group because it is an auto-immune disorder.
But it’s most common in people who’ve crossed 30 years of age. Women are more prone to getting Rheumatoid arthritis than men.
Although the real cause of Rheumatoid Arthritis is unknown, some of the factors that increase the risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis include:
- Environment
- Genetics
- Harmons
What are the symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips?
The symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips include:
- Pain in your hips that prevents you from doing simple activities like climbing stairs, walking, jogging, etc.
- Pain near the thigh and groin area apart from pain in the hips.
- Severe inflammation in and near the joint area.
- Occasional fevers.
- Periods where symptoms subside and other times when symptoms and pain become much worse.
- Other symptoms also include loss of appetite and anaemia.
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed?
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed?
While conducting a physical examination, your doctor will ask you if you have a family history and question you about other medical conditions to determine if you have Rheumatoid Arthritis in your hips.
Since Rheumatoid Arthritis is also similar to other diseases like lupus and fibromyalgia, it’s hard to detect. You’ll be asked to take blood tests to determine if you have this condition.
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis treated?
Your doctor will ask you to undergo hot and cold therapy to lessen the pain and inflammation. They might also put patients on anti-inflammatory drugs and pain-killers if the pain is unbearable.
Herniated Disc
What is Herniated Disc?
Our spine consists of cushioned bones called discs, which act as shock absorbers during movement. When a disc tears and bulges, it can press against the spinal canal, causing intense pain known as a herniated disc.
While this can happen anywhere in the spine, the lower lumbar region is more susceptible than the upper cervical area
Who is affected by Herniated Discs?
Our discs tend to degenerate as we age and a minor strain in the area may cause a herniated disc.
But here are other risk factors that may cause a herniated disc
- Excess weight causes more strain on the spinal column and leads to a herniated disc.
- Physically demanding occupations that involve heavy-lifting
- Genetics and Family History. You’re more likely to get a herniated disc if someone in your family already has/had it.
- Smoking leads to reduced oxygen supply to your discs, thereby making them weak.
What are the symptoms of a herniated disc?
- Pain on one side of the body
- Pain that extends to your arms and legs
- Tiredness, aches, and burning sensations in the affected area
- Cannot walk a short distance without extreme pain.
How is herniated disc diagnosed?
Apart from a physical examination to check your nerve strength, your doctor will also ask for imaging tests like X-rays, CT scans, MRI scans, and Discograms.
How can a herniated disc be treated?
Treatments for herniated discs depend on the extent to which the disc has bulged out into the spinal canal.
Your doctor might recommend nerve pain medications and muscle relaxants if you don’t require surgery.
They’ll also ask you to take part in physical activities to strengthen your back muscles. If none of these solutions work, your doctor will advise you to undergo a surgery.
Who is affected by Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips?
Unlike Osteoarthritis of the hips that affects a majority of the elderly population, Rheumatoid Arthritis can affect any age group because it is an auto-immune disorder.
But it’s most common in people who’ve crossed 30 years of age. Women are more prone to getting Rheumatoid arthritis than men.
Although the real cause of Rheumatoid Arthritis is unknown, some of the factors that increase the risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis include:
- Environment
- Genetics
- Harmons
What are the symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips?
The symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips include:
- Pain in your hips that prevents you from doing simple activities like climbing stairs, walking, jogging, etc.
- Pain near the thigh and groin area apart from pain in the hips.
- Severe inflammation in and near the joint area.
- Occasional fevers.
- Periods where symptoms subside and other times when symptoms and pain become much worse.
- Other symptoms also include loss of appetite and anaemia.
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed?
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed?
While conducting a physical examination, your doctor will ask you if you have a family history and question you about other medical conditions to determine if you have Rheumatoid Arthritis in your hips.
Since Rheumatoid Arthritis is also similar to other diseases like lupus and fibromyalgia, it’s hard to detect. You’ll be asked to take blood tests to determine if you have this condition.
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis treated?
Your doctor will ask you to undergo hot and cold therapy to lessen the pain and inflammation. They might also put patients on anti-inflammatory drugs and pain-killers if the pain is unbearable.
Sciatica
What is an Sciatica?
Sciatica, affecting over 10 million Indians annually, is nerve pain in the lower back and buttocks due to injuries, bone growths, or herniated discs.
It manifests as sharp, stabbing back pains, often more pronounced in the legs, and can lead to muscle weakness and tingling. Its onset varies based on its cause.
Who gets affected by Sciatica?
Sciatica is common but here are the risk factors for developing nerve pain in your lower back:
- Injury to the lower back.
- As you age, your risk for sciatica increases because of changes in your bones.
- Excessive body weight. Your spinal column supports your body, and if you’re overweight, it strains your back and increases the risk of developing sciatica.
- Don’t have strong core muscles (muscles in the back and abdomen).
- Lack of proper form while exercising. There is an increased risk of sciatica if you don’t follow appropriate forms and poses while doing strength training exercises.
- Diabetes increases the risk of nerve damage and your risk for sciatica.
- Smoking. The nicotine present in the tobacco causes degeneration of spinal tissues and breaks down the bones easily.
What are the symptoms of Sciatica?
The symptoms of sciatica include:
- Sharp Pain that originates in the buttocks and spreads up to the thigh.
- Numbness and tingling in the lower back area
- Pain feels worse while standing up, sitting down, lying down, walking, etc.
How is Sciatica Diagnosed?
- Herniated Disc
- Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
- Degenerative Disc Disease
- Inflammation and spasming in lumbar (lower back) pelvic muscles
- Spinal Tumor
Your doctor will conduct physical examinations and imaging tests to determine the cause of sciatic pain
How is sciatica treated?
- Physical therapy
- Medication
- Injections
The nerve pain should settle in about two months but it may take longer depending on the condition that causes sciatica.
Who is affected by Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips?
Unlike Osteoarthritis of the hips that affects a majority of the elderly population, Rheumatoid Arthritis can affect any age group because it is an auto-immune disorder.
But it’s most common in people who’ve crossed 30 years of age. Women are more prone to getting Rheumatoid arthritis than men.
Although the real cause of Rheumatoid Arthritis is unknown, some of the factors that increase the risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis include:
- Environment
- Genetics
- Harmons
What are the symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips?
The symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips include:
- Pain in your hips that prevents you from doing simple activities like climbing stairs, walking, jogging, etc.
- Pain near the thigh and groin area apart from pain in the hips.
- Severe inflammation in and near the joint area.
- Occasional fevers.
- Periods where symptoms subside and other times when symptoms and pain become much worse.
- Other symptoms also include loss of appetite and anaemia.
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed?
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed?
While conducting a physical examination, your doctor will ask you if you have a family history and question you about other medical conditions to determine if you have Rheumatoid Arthritis in your hips.
Since Rheumatoid Arthritis is also similar to other diseases like lupus and fibromyalgia, it’s hard to detect. You’ll be asked to take blood tests to determine if you have this condition.
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis treated?
Your doctor will ask you to undergo hot and cold therapy to lessen the pain and inflammation. They might also put patients on anti-inflammatory drugs and pain-killers if the pain is unbearable.
Scoliosis
What is a Scoliosis?
Scoliosis results in an abnormal C-shaped or S-shaped spine curvature, differing from the typical upper and lower spine curves. It has three types:
- Functional, arising from body abnormalities like uneven leg length or weight distribution.
- Neuromuscular, originating from improper bone formation during fetal development.
- Degenerative Scoliosis, found in adults, contrasting other types more prevalent in pre-pubescent children.
Who are most likely to be affected by scoliosis?
The risk factors for scoliosis include:
Age: Kids that are just undergoing a growth spurt during puberty are more prone to scoliosis
Sex: Girls are more prone to developing scoliosis than boys
Family History: It is possible that kids with scoliosis have a family history of the condition.
- Being underweight
- Not ingesting enough calcium and vitamin D
- Having a history of osteoporosis (a disease caused due to porous bones)
- Not engaging in enough physical activity and sticking to a sedentary lifestyle
- Drinking excessive alcohol
- Smoking
What are the symptoms of Scoliosis?
Symptoms of scoliosis include:
Uneven shoulder height: One shoulder blade is higher than the other
Rotating spine: The spinal cord is rotated about its axis and also bends to its side.
Breathing problems: If the scoliosis is severe, then it may cause breathing problems because the spine starts taking up space that is required for the lungs to expand while breathing.
Scoliosis can cause complications like damaged heart and lungs. Too much curvature in the spine can cause it to press against the heart and lungs.
How is a Scoliosis diagnosed?
Your doctor will ask you to stand up with arms at your sides so that he can observe the curvature of the spine. They’ll check if the shoulders and waist are symmetrical.
They might also ask you to undergo medical imaging tests like X-rays, MRI, CT scan, and bone scan to check for scoliosis
How is a Scoliosis treated?
Scoliosis can be treated through braces or surgery depending on the extent of curvature of the spine.
Who is affected by Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips?
Unlike Osteoarthritis of the hips that affects a majority of the elderly population, Rheumatoid Arthritis can affect any age group because it is an auto-immune disorder.
But it’s most common in people who’ve crossed 30 years of age. Women are more prone to getting Rheumatoid arthritis than men.
Although the real cause of Rheumatoid Arthritis is unknown, some of the factors that increase the risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis include:
- Environment
- Genetics
- Harmons
What are the symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips?
The symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips include:
- Pain in your hips that prevents you from doing simple activities like climbing stairs, walking, jogging, etc.
- Pain near the thigh and groin area apart from pain in the hips.
- Severe inflammation in and near the joint area.
- Occasional fevers.
- Periods where symptoms subside and other times when symptoms and pain become much worse.
- Other symptoms also include loss of appetite and anaemia.
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed?
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed?
While conducting a physical examination, your doctor will ask you if you have a family history and question you about other medical conditions to determine if you have Rheumatoid Arthritis in your hips.
Since Rheumatoid Arthritis is also similar to other diseases like lupus and fibromyalgia, it’s hard to detect. You’ll be asked to take blood tests to determine if you have this condition.
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis treated?
Your doctor will ask you to undergo hot and cold therapy to lessen the pain and inflammation. They might also put patients on anti-inflammatory drugs and pain-killers if the pain is unbearable.
Spondylolisthesis
What is Spondylolisthesis?
Scoliosis is an abnormal
Our spinal column is made of a set of bones stacked on each other. Spondylolisthesis occurs when a vertebra (vertebral bone) slips forward over the vertebrae below it.
The spinal column carries most of our weight and distributes it to different parts while we lift weights, rest, or perform physical activities.
It rotates, bends, and twists in different directions constantly and this might cause one of the bones to slip forward over the vertebra below it. This is called spondylolisthesis.
Physical activity isn’t the only cause for spondylolisthesis. There are different types of spondylolisthesis like:
Congenital spondylolisthesis: The person is born with a spinal defect.
Isthmic spondylolisthesis: Another condition called spondylolysis causes this type of spondylolisthesis. A thin crack or fracture causes the vertebrae to slip forward, backward or over a bone.
Degenerative spondylolisthesis: This is caused when the discs between the vertebrae are dehydrated and cause the discs to slip forward.
curvature of the spine. A normal person’s spine has a curve on the upper portion and the lower portion. But a person with scoliosis has a C-shaped or an S-shaped spine.
Scoliosis is of three types:
Functional: This type of scoliosis is caused due to an abnormality in the body. It could be caused when one leg is shorter than the other or when weight is distributed unevenly.
Neuromuscular: This type of scoliosis is caused during birth when the bones fail to form properly during foetal development.
Degenerative Scoliosis: This condition occurs in adults as opposed to the other types of scoliosis that are more common in kids yet to reach puberty.
Vertebral Compression Fracture
What is Vertebral Compression Fracture?
Who are at risk for a Vertebral Compression Fracture?
People who are more than 55 years have a great risk of developing a Vertebral Compression Fracture.
People who are less than 55 years have a risk of developing a Vertebral Compression fracture if they are suffering from a metastatic tumors.
Many different kinds of tumors usually spread to the vertebrae and cause the bones to weaken and collapse.
Elderly people with osteoporosis also run the risk of developing a vertebral compression fracture.
What are the symptoms of a Vertebral Compression Fracture?
You might have a Vertebral Compression Fracture if you have the following symptoms:
- Sudden back pain
- Increase in back pain when you walk or get up
- Cannot move the spine much
- A loss in height because of compression in the bones
- Deformity and disability
How is a Vertebral Compression Fracture Diagnosed?
Your doctor will conduct a physical examination and also ask you to take some imaging tests to determine whether you have a Vertebral Fracture or not.
Imaging tests include radiographs of the entire spine, CT scans, and MRI scans.
How is a Vertebral Compression Fracture treated?
Your doctor will ask you to rest until the pain becomes tolerable. You’ll then be asked to do some mild physical activity to keep your bones and muscles from losing both mass and strength.
Your doctor will also prescribe anti-inflammatories to get rid of the pain. You should be able to move without pain in 3 months.
Who is affected by Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips?
Unlike Osteoarthritis of the hips that affects a majority of the elderly population, Rheumatoid Arthritis can affect any age group because it is an auto-immune disorder.
But it’s most common in people who’ve crossed 30 years of age. Women are more prone to getting Rheumatoid arthritis than men.
Although the real cause of Rheumatoid Arthritis is unknown, some of the factors that increase the risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis include:
- Environment
- Genetics
- Harmons
What are the symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips?
The symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips include:
- Pain in your hips that prevents you from doing simple activities like climbing stairs, walking, jogging, etc.
- Pain near the thigh and groin area apart from pain in the hips.
- Severe inflammation in and near the joint area.
- Occasional fevers.
- Periods where symptoms subside and other times when symptoms and pain become much worse.
- Other symptoms also include loss of appetite and anaemia.
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed?
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed?
While conducting a physical examination, your doctor will ask you if you have a family history and question you about other medical conditions to determine if you have Rheumatoid Arthritis in your hips.
Since Rheumatoid Arthritis is also similar to other diseases like lupus and fibromyalgia, it’s hard to detect. You’ll be asked to take blood tests to determine if you have this condition.
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis treated?
Your doctor will ask you to undergo hot and cold therapy to lessen the pain and inflammation. They might also put patients on anti-inflammatory drugs and pain-killers if the pain is unbearable.
Spinal Stenosis
What is spinal stenosis?
What causes spinal stenosis?
The most common cause of spinal stenosis is age-related changes in the spine, such as the growth of bone spurs, thickening of ligaments, and the breakdown of spinal discs. Other causes include spinal injuries, herniated discs, and certain medical conditions like arthritis.
What are the symptoms of spinal stenosis?
The symptoms of spinal stenosis can vary but often include back pain, numbness, tingling, and weakness in the affected area. In the case of lumbar spinal stenosis, symptoms may radiate down the legs, while cervical spinal stenosis can cause symptoms in the arms and hands.
How is spinal stenosis diagnosed?
A diagnosis of spinal stenosis is typically made through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Imaging tests like X-rays, MRI scans, or CT scans may be ordered to visualize the spine and identify the narrowing of the spinal canal.
What are the treatment options for spinal stenosis?
Treatment for spinal stenosis aims to alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life. Non-surgical approaches include pain management with medication, physical therapy, and the use of assistive devices. If conservative treatments are ineffective, surgical options such as decompression surgery or spinal fusion may be considered
What causes spinal stenosis?
The most common cause of spinal stenosis is age-related changes in the spine, such as the growth of bone spurs, thickening of ligaments, and the breakdown of spinal discs. Other causes include spinal injuries, herniated discs, and certain medical conditions like arthritis.
What are the symptoms of spinal stenosis?
The symptoms of spinal stenosis can vary but often include back pain, numbness, tingling, and weakness in the affected area. In the case of lumbar spinal stenosis, symptoms may radiate down the legs, while cervical spinal stenosis can cause symptoms in the arms and hands.
How is spinal stenosis diagnosed?
A diagnosis of spinal stenosis is typically made through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Imaging tests like X-rays, MRI scans, or CT scans may be ordered to visualize the spine and identify the narrowing of the spinal canal.
What are the treatment options for spinal stenosis?
Treatment for spinal stenosis aims to alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life. Non-surgical approaches include pain management with medication, physical therapy, and the use of assistive devices. If conservative treatments are ineffective, surgical options such as decompression surgery or spinal fusion may be considered
Spinal Infections
What are spinal infections?
What are the causes of spinal infections?
The most common cause of spinal stenosis is age-related changes in the spine, such as the growth of bone spurs, thickening of ligaments, and the breakdown of spinal discs. Other causes include spinal injuries, herniated discs, and certain medical conditions like arthritis.
What are the symptoms of spinal infections?
Symptoms of spinal infections may include back pain, fever, chills, fatigue, swelling or redness at the site of infection, and neurological symptoms such as weakness or numbness. In severe cases, spinal infections can lead to spinal cord compression and neurological deficits
How are spinal infections diagnosed?
Diagnosing a spinal infection usually involves a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Tests may include blood tests, imaging studies (such as MRI or CT scans), and potentially a biopsy to identify the specific organism causing the infection.
What are the treatment options for spinal infections?
The treatment of spinal infections typically involves a combination of antibiotics or antifungal medications, depending on the type of infection. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove infected tissue, stabilize the spine, or relieve spinal cord compression. Prompt and appropriate treatment is essential to prevent complications and promote recovery.
What are the causes of spinal infections?
The most common cause of spinal stenosis is age-related changes in the spine, such as the growth of bone spurs, thickening of ligaments, and the breakdown of spinal discs. Other causes include spinal injuries, herniated discs, and certain medical conditions like arthritis.
What are the symptoms of spinal infections?
Symptoms of spinal infections may include back pain, fever, chills, fatigue, swelling or redness at the site of infection, and neurological symptoms such as weakness or numbness. In severe cases, spinal infections can lead to spinal cord compression and neurological deficits
How are spinal infections diagnosed?
Diagnosing a spinal infection usually involves a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Tests may include blood tests, imaging studies (such as MRI or CT scans), and potentially a biopsy to identify the specific organism causing the infection.
What are the treatment options for spinal infections?
The treatment of spinal infections typically involves a combination of antibiotics or antifungal medications, depending on the type of infection. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove infected tissue, stabilize the spine, or relieve spinal cord compression. Prompt and appropriate treatment is essential to prevent complications and promote recovery.
Scar Tissue Releases
What is scar tissue release?
Scar tissue release is a therapeutic technique used to address the formation of excessive scar tissue in the body. It involves various manual techniques that aim to break down adhesions and restrictions within the scar tissue, promoting improved tissue mobility and function.
Why does scar tissue form?
Scar tissue forms as part of the body’s natural healing process in response to injury, surgery, or trauma. It is composed of collagen fibers that help repair damaged tissues. However, in some cases, excessive scar tissue can develop, leading to restricted movement, pain, and functional limitations.
What conditions can benefit from scar tissue releases?
Scar tissue releases can be beneficial for a variety of conditions, including post-surgical scars, soft tissue injuries, repetitive strain injuries, burns, and conditions such as frozen shoulder or plantar fasciitis. The goal is to reduce pain, improve flexibility, and enhance overall tissue function.
How is an ACL tear diagnosed?
Various techniques may be employed in scar tissue release, including manual massage, myofascial release, instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM), and stretching exercises. These techniques aim to break down scar tissue adhesions, promote blood circulation, and encourage tissue remodeling.
Who performs scar tissue releases?
Scar tissue release techniques can be performed by qualified healthcare professionals such as physical therapists, occupational therapists
Why does scar tissue form?
Scar tissue forms as part of the body’s natural healing process in response to injury, surgery, or trauma. It is composed of collagen fibers that help repair damaged tissues. However, in some cases, excessive scar tissue can develop, leading to restricted movement, pain, and functional limitations.
What conditions can benefit from scar tissue releases?
Scar tissue releases can be beneficial for a variety of conditions, including post-surgical scars, soft tissue injuries, repetitive strain injuries, burns, and conditions such as frozen shoulder or plantar fasciitis. The goal is to reduce pain, improve flexibility, and enhance overall tissue function.
How is an ACL tear diagnosed?
Various techniques may be employed in scar tissue release, including manual massage, myofascial release, instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM), and stretching exercises. These techniques aim to break down scar tissue adhesions, promote blood circulation, and encourage tissue remodeling.
Who performs scar tissue releases?
Scar tissue release techniques can be performed by qualified healthcare professionals such as physical therapists, occupational therapists
Spine Conditions
Knee Replacements
Spine Conditions
Having transformed the lives of over 3,000 patients through successful surgeries, Dr. S. Arumugam stands as a testament to excellence in his field. He is backed by a proficient team of anesthesiologists and nurses, ensuring top-tier care for those with spine conditions.
What is a painful knee replacement?
What are the causes of a painful knee replacement?
What are the symptoms of a painful knee replacement?
How is a painful knee replacement diagnosed?
What are the treatment options for a painful knee replacement?
Degenerative Disc Disease
What is Degenerative Disc Disease?
Spinal discs act as our body’s shock absorbers, ensuring spine flexibility. As we age, these discs experience wear and tear, leading to Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD).
Though termed a ‘disease’, DDD is a natural age-related condition. Most DDD symptoms are manageable without resorting to surgery.
What causes Degenerative Disc Disease?
Spinal discs have a hard outer core and a soft inner shell. With time, these discs change and cause trouble. Here are some factors that cause Degenerative Disc Disease.
Dry out: When we’re kids, the discs between the spine contain a lot of water and are able to absorb a lot of shocks.
However, as we grow up, the discs lose the capacity to retain water and can’t absorb shocks anymore. This can lead to Degenerative Disc Disease.
Cracks: The stress of everyday movement may cause cracks in the disc’s outer wall. This might cause the disc to slip out of place. This is called a herniated disc.
What are the symptoms of Degenerative Disc Disease?
Symptoms of Degenerative Disc Disease include pain in the back and neck. The exact location of the pain will depend on where the weak disc is located.
Other common symptoms include severe pain in the thighs and buttocks that worsens when you sit or change positions.
How is Degenerative Disc Disease diagnosed?
Your doctor will prescribe you medications like Aspirin and Ibuprofen to help with the pain and inflammation. You’ll also be asked to work with a physiotherapist if the pain is too severe.
And if nothing works, surgery is always an option.
Who is affected by Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips?
Unlike Osteoarthritis of the hips that affects a majority of the elderly population, Rheumatoid Arthritis can affect any age group because it is an auto-immune disorder.
But it’s most common in people who’ve crossed 30 years of age. Women are more prone to getting Rheumatoid arthritis than men.
Although the real cause of Rheumatoid Arthritis is unknown, some of the factors that increase the risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis include:
- Environment
- Genetics
- Harmons
What are the symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips?
The symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips include:
- Pain in your hips that prevents you from doing simple activities like climbing stairs, walking, jogging, etc.
- Pain near the thigh and groin area apart from pain in the hips.
- Severe inflammation in and near the joint area.
- Occasional fevers.
- Periods where symptoms subside and other times when symptoms and pain become much worse.
- Other symptoms also include loss of appetite and anaemia.
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed?
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed?
While conducting a physical examination, your doctor will ask you if you have a family history and question you about other medical conditions to determine if you have Rheumatoid Arthritis in your hips.
Since Rheumatoid Arthritis is also similar to other diseases like lupus and fibromyalgia, it’s hard to detect. You’ll be asked to take blood tests to determine if you have this condition.
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis treated?
Your doctor will ask you to undergo hot and cold therapy to lessen the pain and inflammation. They might also put patients on anti-inflammatory drugs and pain-killers if the pain is unbearable.
Herniated Disc
What is Herniated Disc?
Our spine consists of cushioned bones called discs, which act as shock absorbers during movement. When a disc tears and bulges, it can press against the spinal canal, causing intense pain known as a herniated disc.
While this can happen anywhere in the spine, the lower lumbar region is more susceptible than the upper cervical area
Who is affected by Herniated Discs?
Our discs tend to degenerate as we age and a minor strain in the area may cause a herniated disc.
But here are other risk factors that may cause a herniated disc
- Excess weight causes more strain on the spinal column and leads to a herniated disc.
- Physically demanding occupations that involve heavy-lifting
- Genetics and Family History. You’re more likely to get a herniated disc if someone in your family already has/had it.
- Smoking leads to reduced oxygen supply to your discs, thereby making them weak.
What are the symptoms of a herniated disc?
- Pain on one side of the body
- Pain that extends to your arms and legs
- Tiredness, aches, and burning sensations in the affected area
- Cannot walk a short distance without extreme pain.
How is herniated disc diagnosed?
Apart from a physical examination to check your nerve strength, your doctor will also ask for imaging tests like X-rays, CT scans, MRI scans, and Discograms.
How can a herniated disc be treated?
Treatments for herniated discs depend on the extent to which the disc has bulged out into the spinal canal.
Your doctor might recommend nerve pain medications and muscle relaxants if you don’t require surgery.
They’ll also ask you to take part in physical activities to strengthen your back muscles. If none of these solutions work, your doctor will advise you to undergo a surgery.
Who is affected by Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips?
Unlike Osteoarthritis of the hips that affects a majority of the elderly population, Rheumatoid Arthritis can affect any age group because it is an auto-immune disorder.
But it’s most common in people who’ve crossed 30 years of age. Women are more prone to getting Rheumatoid arthritis than men.
Although the real cause of Rheumatoid Arthritis is unknown, some of the factors that increase the risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis include:
- Environment
- Genetics
- Harmons
What are the symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips?
The symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips include:
- Pain in your hips that prevents you from doing simple activities like climbing stairs, walking, jogging, etc.
- Pain near the thigh and groin area apart from pain in the hips.
- Severe inflammation in and near the joint area.
- Occasional fevers.
- Periods where symptoms subside and other times when symptoms and pain become much worse.
- Other symptoms also include loss of appetite and anaemia.
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed?
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed?
While conducting a physical examination, your doctor will ask you if you have a family history and question you about other medical conditions to determine if you have Rheumatoid Arthritis in your hips.
Since Rheumatoid Arthritis is also similar to other diseases like lupus and fibromyalgia, it’s hard to detect. You’ll be asked to take blood tests to determine if you have this condition.
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis treated?
Your doctor will ask you to undergo hot and cold therapy to lessen the pain and inflammation. They might also put patients on anti-inflammatory drugs and pain-killers if the pain is unbearable.
Sciatica
What is an Sciatica?
Sciatica, affecting over 10 million Indians annually, is nerve pain in the lower back and buttocks due to injuries, bone growths, or herniated discs.
It manifests as sharp, stabbing back pains, often more pronounced in the legs, and can lead to muscle weakness and tingling. Its onset varies based on its cause.
Who gets affected by Sciatica?
Sciatica is common but here are the risk factors for developing nerve pain in your lower back:
- Injury to the lower back.
- As you age, your risk for sciatica increases because of changes in your bones.
- Excessive body weight. Your spinal column supports your body, and if you’re overweight, it strains your back and increases the risk of developing sciatica.
- Don’t have strong core muscles (muscles in the back and abdomen).
- Lack of proper form while exercising. There is an increased risk of sciatica if you don’t follow appropriate forms and poses while doing strength training exercises.
- Diabetes increases the risk of nerve damage and your risk for sciatica.
- Smoking. The nicotine present in the tobacco causes degeneration of spinal tissues and breaks down the bones easily.
What are the symptoms of Sciatica?
The symptoms of sciatica include:
- Sharp Pain that originates in the buttocks and spreads up to the thigh.
- Numbness and tingling in the lower back area
- Pain feels worse while standing up, sitting down, lying down, walking, etc.
How is Sciatica Diagnosed?
- Herniated Disc
- Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
- Degenerative Disc Disease
- Inflammation and spasming in lumbar (lower back) pelvic muscles
- Spinal Tumor
Your doctor will conduct physical examinations and imaging tests to determine the cause of sciatic pain
How is sciatica treated?
- Physical therapy
- Medication
- Injections
The nerve pain should settle in about two months but it may take longer depending on the condition that causes sciatica.
Who is affected by Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips?
Unlike Osteoarthritis of the hips that affects a majority of the elderly population, Rheumatoid Arthritis can affect any age group because it is an auto-immune disorder.
But it’s most common in people who’ve crossed 30 years of age. Women are more prone to getting Rheumatoid arthritis than men.
Although the real cause of Rheumatoid Arthritis is unknown, some of the factors that increase the risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis include:
- Environment
- Genetics
- Harmons
What are the symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips?
The symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips include:
- Pain in your hips that prevents you from doing simple activities like climbing stairs, walking, jogging, etc.
- Pain near the thigh and groin area apart from pain in the hips.
- Severe inflammation in and near the joint area.
- Occasional fevers.
- Periods where symptoms subside and other times when symptoms and pain become much worse.
- Other symptoms also include loss of appetite and anaemia.
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed?
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed?
While conducting a physical examination, your doctor will ask you if you have a family history and question you about other medical conditions to determine if you have Rheumatoid Arthritis in your hips.
Since Rheumatoid Arthritis is also similar to other diseases like lupus and fibromyalgia, it’s hard to detect. You’ll be asked to take blood tests to determine if you have this condition.
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis treated?
Your doctor will ask you to undergo hot and cold therapy to lessen the pain and inflammation. They might also put patients on anti-inflammatory drugs and pain-killers if the pain is unbearable.
Scoliosis
What is a Scoliosis?
Scoliosis results in an abnormal C-shaped or S-shaped spine curvature, differing from the typical upper and lower spine curves. It has three types:
- Functional, arising from body abnormalities like uneven leg length or weight distribution.
- Neuromuscular, originating from improper bone formation during fetal development.
- Degenerative Scoliosis, found in adults, contrasting other types more prevalent in pre-pubescent children.
Who are most likely to be affected by scoliosis?
The risk factors for scoliosis include:
Age: Kids that are just undergoing a growth spurt during puberty are more prone to scoliosis
Sex: Girls are more prone to developing scoliosis than boys
Family History: It is possible that kids with scoliosis have a family history of the condition.
- Being underweight
- Not ingesting enough calcium and vitamin D
- Having a history of osteoporosis (a disease caused due to porous bones)
- Not engaging in enough physical activity and sticking to a sedentary lifestyle
- Drinking excessive alcohol
- Smoking
What are the symptoms of Scoliosis?
Symptoms of scoliosis include:
Uneven shoulder height: One shoulder blade is higher than the other
Rotating spine: The spinal cord is rotated about its axis and also bends to its side.
Breathing problems: If the scoliosis is severe, then it may cause breathing problems because the spine starts taking up space that is required for the lungs to expand while breathing.
Scoliosis can cause complications like damaged heart and lungs. Too much curvature in the spine can cause it to press against the heart and lungs.
How is a Scoliosis diagnosed?
Your doctor will ask you to stand up with arms at your sides so that he can observe the curvature of the spine. They’ll check if the shoulders and waist are symmetrical.
They might also ask you to undergo medical imaging tests like X-rays, MRI, CT scan, and bone scan to check for scoliosis
How is a Scoliosis treated?
Scoliosis can be treated through braces or surgery depending on the extent of curvature of the spine.
Who is affected by Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips?
Unlike Osteoarthritis of the hips that affects a majority of the elderly population, Rheumatoid Arthritis can affect any age group because it is an auto-immune disorder.
But it’s most common in people who’ve crossed 30 years of age. Women are more prone to getting Rheumatoid arthritis than men.
Although the real cause of Rheumatoid Arthritis is unknown, some of the factors that increase the risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis include:
- Environment
- Genetics
- Harmons
What are the symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips?
The symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the hips include:
- Pain in your hips that prevents you from doing simple activities like climbing stairs, walking, jogging, etc.
- Pain near the thigh and groin area apart from pain in the hips.
- Severe inflammation in and near the joint area.
- Occasional fevers.
- Periods where symptoms subside and other times when symptoms and pain become much worse.
- Other symptoms also include loss of appetite and anaemia.
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed?
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed?
While conducting a physical examination, your doctor will ask you if you have a family history and question you about other medical conditions to determine if you have Rheumatoid Arthritis in your hips.
Since Rheumatoid Arthritis is also similar to other diseases like lupus and fibromyalgia, it’s hard to detect. You’ll be asked to take blood tests to determine if you have this condition.
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis treated?
Your doctor will ask you to undergo hot and cold therapy to lessen the pain and inflammation. They might also put patients on anti-inflammatory drugs and pain-killers if the pain is unbearable.
Spinal Stenosis
What is spinal stenosis?
What causes spinal stenosis?
The most common cause of spinal stenosis is age-related changes in the spine, such as the growth of bone spurs, thickening of ligaments, and the breakdown of spinal discs. Other causes include spinal injuries, herniated discs, and certain medical conditions like arthritis.
What are the symptoms of spinal stenosis?
The symptoms of spinal stenosis can vary but often include back pain, numbness, tingling, and weakness in the affected area. In the case of lumbar spinal stenosis, symptoms may radiate down the legs, while cervical spinal stenosis can cause symptoms in the arms and hands.
How is spinal stenosis diagnosed?
A diagnosis of spinal stenosis is typically made through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Imaging tests like X-rays, MRI scans, or CT scans may be ordered to visualize the spine and identify the narrowing of the spinal canal.
What are the treatment options for spinal stenosis?
Treatment for spinal stenosis aims to alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life. Non-surgical approaches include pain management with medication, physical therapy, and the use of assistive devices. If conservative treatments are ineffective, surgical options such as decompression surgery or spinal fusion may be considered
What causes spinal stenosis?
The most common cause of spinal stenosis is age-related changes in the spine, such as the growth of bone spurs, thickening of ligaments, and the breakdown of spinal discs. Other causes include spinal injuries, herniated discs, and certain medical conditions like arthritis.
What are the symptoms of spinal stenosis?
The symptoms of spinal stenosis can vary but often include back pain, numbness, tingling, and weakness in the affected area. In the case of lumbar spinal stenosis, symptoms may radiate down the legs, while cervical spinal stenosis can cause symptoms in the arms and hands.
How is spinal stenosis diagnosed?
A diagnosis of spinal stenosis is typically made through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Imaging tests like X-rays, MRI scans, or CT scans may be ordered to visualize the spine and identify the narrowing of the spinal canal.
What are the treatment options for spinal stenosis?
Treatment for spinal stenosis aims to alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life. Non-surgical approaches include pain management with medication, physical therapy, and the use of assistive devices. If conservative treatments are ineffective, surgical options such as decompression surgery or spinal fusion may be considered
Spinal Infections
What are spinal infections?
What are the causes of spinal infections?
The most common cause of spinal stenosis is age-related changes in the spine, such as the growth of bone spurs, thickening of ligaments, and the breakdown of spinal discs. Other causes include spinal injuries, herniated discs, and certain medical conditions like arthritis.
What are the symptoms of spinal infections?
Symptoms of spinal infections may include back pain, fever, chills, fatigue, swelling or redness at the site of infection, and neurological symptoms such as weakness or numbness. In severe cases, spinal infections can lead to spinal cord compression and neurological deficits
How are spinal infections diagnosed?
Diagnosing a spinal infection usually involves a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Tests may include blood tests, imaging studies (such as MRI or CT scans), and potentially a biopsy to identify the specific organism causing the infection.
What are the treatment options for spinal infections?
The treatment of spinal infections typically involves a combination of antibiotics or antifungal medications, depending on the type of infection. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove infected tissue, stabilize the spine, or relieve spinal cord compression. Prompt and appropriate treatment is essential to prevent complications and promote recovery.
What are the causes of spinal infections?
The most common cause of spinal stenosis is age-related changes in the spine, such as the growth of bone spurs, thickening of ligaments, and the breakdown of spinal discs. Other causes include spinal injuries, herniated discs, and certain medical conditions like arthritis.
What are the symptoms of spinal infections?
Symptoms of spinal infections may include back pain, fever, chills, fatigue, swelling or redness at the site of infection, and neurological symptoms such as weakness or numbness. In severe cases, spinal infections can lead to spinal cord compression and neurological deficits
How are spinal infections diagnosed?
Diagnosing a spinal infection usually involves a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Tests may include blood tests, imaging studies (such as MRI or CT scans), and potentially a biopsy to identify the specific organism causing the infection.
What are the treatment options for spinal infections?
The treatment of spinal infections typically involves a combination of antibiotics or antifungal medications, depending on the type of infection. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove infected tissue, stabilize the spine, or relieve spinal cord compression. Prompt and appropriate treatment is essential to prevent complications and promote recovery.
Scar Tissue Releases
What is scar tissue release?
Scar tissue release is a therapeutic technique used to address the formation of excessive scar tissue in the body. It involves various manual techniques that aim to break down adhesions and restrictions within the scar tissue, promoting improved tissue mobility and function.
Why does scar tissue form?
Scar tissue forms as part of the body’s natural healing process in response to injury, surgery, or trauma. It is composed of collagen fibers that help repair damaged tissues. However, in some cases, excessive scar tissue can develop, leading to restricted movement, pain, and functional limitations.
What conditions can benefit from scar tissue releases?
Scar tissue releases can be beneficial for a variety of conditions, including post-surgical scars, soft tissue injuries, repetitive strain injuries, burns, and conditions such as frozen shoulder or plantar fasciitis. The goal is to reduce pain, improve flexibility, and enhance overall tissue function.
How is an ACL tear diagnosed?
Various techniques may be employed in scar tissue release, including manual massage, myofascial release, instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM), and stretching exercises. These techniques aim to break down scar tissue adhesions, promote blood circulation, and encourage tissue remodeling.
Who performs scar tissue releases?
Scar tissue release techniques can be performed by qualified healthcare professionals such as physical therapists, occupational therapists
Why does scar tissue form?
Scar tissue forms as part of the body’s natural healing process in response to injury, surgery, or trauma. It is composed of collagen fibers that help repair damaged tissues. However, in some cases, excessive scar tissue can develop, leading to restricted movement, pain, and functional limitations.
What conditions can benefit from scar tissue releases?
Scar tissue releases can be beneficial for a variety of conditions, including post-surgical scars, soft tissue injuries, repetitive strain injuries, burns, and conditions such as frozen shoulder or plantar fasciitis. The goal is to reduce pain, improve flexibility, and enhance overall tissue function.
How is an ACL tear diagnosed?
Various techniques may be employed in scar tissue release, including manual massage, myofascial release, instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM), and stretching exercises. These techniques aim to break down scar tissue adhesions, promote blood circulation, and encourage tissue remodeling.
Who performs scar tissue releases?
Scar tissue release techniques can be performed by qualified healthcare professionals such as physical therapists, occupational therapists